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Frequent dizziness, tachycardia, fatigue and tinnitus - almost every person experiences these phenomena. And rarely is attention paid to the appearance of such symptoms, which is in vain, because they may indicate the development of hypertension. In order to suspect that you have this disease, it is enough to measure your blood pressure with a tonometer. If the device shows a pressure of 160 over 100, then we can say with confidence that you have arterial hypertension. Blood pressure readings exceeding 140/90 mmHg. Art. are considered elevated and are a reason to go to the doctor. If you do not start treating the pathological condition, complications and disruptions in the functioning of internal organs will begin to arise. Continuing to develop, without adequate therapy, hypertension can cause death.
Meaning of indicators
A pressure of 160/100 is diagnosed as arterial hypertension of the second degree. This is a serious deviation that significantly increases the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases. People with hypertension have an increased likelihood of having a heart attack in the next 10 years - the chances increase to 20%
Ideal blood pressure values range from 100 - 120 for systolic and 60 - 80 for diastolic. A deviation of 40 mm for the upper reading of the tonometer indicates an overload of the heart muscle at the time of pumping blood. For the lower value, a discrepancy with the norm of 20 mm indicates overstrain of the heart at the moment of relaxation. Therefore, a pressure of 160 over 100 cannot in any way be called normal.
In men
Men are much less likely to monitor their diet, they are more likely to be exposed to physical activity and are less resistant to stress. Therefore, increased blood pressure is observed less frequently in men than in women. However, the degree of danger of this disease does not depend on gender or age. A blood pressure of 160/100 may indicate the presence and development of pathologies of the cardiovascular system.
Among women
Representatives of the fair sex often try to monitor the health of their bodies. In this case, the pursuit of beauty often lies in measures that also reduce the risks of cardiovascular disease. Therefore, the likelihood of the disease is lower than in men. Giving up bad habits, maintaining a healthy sleep schedule and losing excess weight will minimize the likelihood of hypertension.
In pregnant women
Pregnant women deserve special attention. Constant monitoring of blood pressure levels is necessary, as it characterizes the circulatory condition of both mother and child.
If you discover that you have hypertension, consult a doctor immediately, since increased blood pressure significantly increases the risk of gestosis, premature birth, and problems with the liver and kidneys.
Normal or pathological?
Blood pressure 160/90 mm Hg. Art. Is it the norm or a deviation? Most often, this level of blood pressure is considered by doctors as a pathology and indicates the development of the second degree of hypertension. The condition in this case is accompanied by characteristic symptoms and requires drug treatment.
Sometimes this blood pressure may be normal. This indicator can occur in men over 40 years of age or people with a large physique and tall stature. At the same time, there are no unpleasant manifestations characteristic of hypertension.
The danger of such indicators
Arterial hypertension of the second degree indicates possible disturbances in the functioning of the cardiovascular system, kidneys or liver. With constantly high pressure, almost all vessels suffer, which leads to chronic renal failure, atherosclerotic changes, and hypertrophy of the left ventricle of the heart. Lack of treatment can lead to death, the causes of which may include:
- acute myocardial infarction;
- heart failure;
- stroke.
And also read on our website: What do blood pressure readings of 100 to 80 mean, for whom are they considered normal, and why do you feel nauseous and have headaches?
Therefore, if you suffer from hypertension, you should definitely consult a doctor.
Prognosis and possible complications
Dangerous consequences are likely:
- Heart attack. Necrosis of cardiac structures, in particular the muscle layer.
- Stroke. The death of neurons as a result of ischemia or hemorrhage (rupture of the circulatory structure). The second option is much more dangerous.
- Vascular dementia in the future for several years.
- Heart failure.
- Cardiogenic shock.
- Fainting and injury due to a fall. Possibly lethal.
- Renal failure as a result of damage to the glomeruli and parenchyma.
A “bonus” is a decrease in working capacity, disability, and disruption of normal gas exchange.
Prognosis is determined by risk. There are 4 of them in total. From the first group, when the likelihood of progression is low, to the last, associated with almost inevitable complications.
Survival rate with unstable blood pressure growth, especially if it is caused by physiological factors, is close to 100%.
Against the background of cardiac and other problems without treatment - 70%, if organic defects are added - 30-40%. Therapy increases the rate by 25-40%.
Causes
The main causes of hypertension are poor lifestyle choices. Lack of sleep, stress, and unhealthy diet are constant companions of life in a metropolis, which certainly lead to problems in the functioning of the cardiovascular system. The following aspects of your life can also cause you to develop hypertension:
- excess weight;
- bad habits;
- poor nutrition;
- lack of physical activity;
- stress;
- heredity.
Most of the reasons listed are typical problems for city residents. Lifestyle changes significantly reduce the risk of developing hypertension.
Prevention
The following recommendations from doctors can be considered as preventive measures: adherence to the principles of proper nutrition, giving up alcohol and smoking, maintaining an active lifestyle, daily feasible physical activity, timely treatment of any identified diseases. And it is also important to avoid stressful and any other negative situations.
Regular increase in blood pressure to 160/90 mm Hg. Art. – a good reason to seek qualified medical advice. A person with the second stage of hypertension needs to receive medications.
Only timely diagnosis and appropriate therapy will prevent the development of life-threatening complications and significantly improve the quality of life.
Symptoms
Headache is a natural symptom of increased blood pressure, as the blood supply to the brain is disrupted. Dizziness, nausea, pain, dark spots in the eyes appear. The following symptoms may also indicate the development of hypertension:
- irritability;
- chest pain;
- tremor and numbness of the limbs;
- apathy and loss of strength;
- cardiopalmus.
Contact your doctor immediately if you experience symptoms due to hypertension.
Beet juice
How to drink beet juice correctly if you have high blood pressure? The drink must be prepared only from fresh, not overripe vegetables. For extraction, you should use a screw juicer, since the drink obtained using this method is able to retain all its beneficial properties. If you don’t have a juicer at home, you can grate the vegetable, squeeze it, and then strain through cheesecloth. Ready beet juice should be stored for no more than one day. To the resulting juice you need to add one tablespoon of honey per 200 ml of drink. You should drink the product 5 times a day, one spoon. Therapy lasts for 2 weeks, after which you should take a short break.
What to do with blood pressure 160/100?
If you or a loved one suffers from hypertension, you need to know the rules of first aid. At home, taking medications prescribed by the doctor and doing the following will help reduce blood pressure and bring the patient back to normal:
- Help the patient take a semi-sitting position;
- Provide a flow of fresh air into the room;
- Do not panic - it can aggravate the patient’s condition;
- Take an antihypertensive drug if previously prescribed by your doctor;
- Check your blood pressure every 20 minutes.
If after all the procedures your blood pressure level has not decreased, call an ambulance immediately.
If your head hurts
The feeling of a headache is a characteristic symptom of increased blood pressure, which appears due to a violation of cerebral blood supply. If you have a headache, taking an aspirin or spasmalgon tablet will help.
And also read on our website: What does blood pressure 180 to 110 mean, what to do and how to reduce high levels - first aid
Aloe juice
To prepare a miracle remedy for treating high blood pressure, you need to use only those plants that are more than 3 years old. Juice is prepared from aloe. You need to drink it as follows: add one teaspoon of juice to 50 ml of water, drink the resulting mixture in the morning before eating. The course of therapy should be at least 2 weeks.
Treatment
Arterial hypertension of the second degree is easily treatable. The necessary procedures and medications will be prescribed by your doctor, and with their help you will overcome hypertension without any problems.
Medication
Drugs to combat hypertension are divided into a variety of active groups:
- Calcium channel blockers - block slow calcium channels, affecting heart rate;
- ACE inhibitors - stimulate the dilation of blood vessels;
- sartans - selectively block angiotensin II type 1 receptors (AT1);
- diuretics - diuretic drugs that inhibit the reabsorption of water and salts in the body;
- beta blockers - reduce cardiac conductivity, reduce the force of heart contractions, tone the bronchi.
The drugs Enap and Noliprel deserve special attention.
Enap is an ACE inhibitor, an antihypertensive drug that dilates the arteries. The decrease in pressure after administration begins after 1 hour and reaches a maximum after 4 - 6 hours, the effect lasts up to 24 hours.
Contraindicated during pregnancy and lactation, like other ACE inhibitors. Taken orally, at the same time, before or after meals, the tablets should be taken with a small amount of liquid.
For arterial hypertension, the dosage ranges from 5 to 10 mg per day, depending on the degree of the disease. If there is no therapeutic effect, increase up to 5 mg. The usual maintenance dosage is 20 mg, and the maximum is 40.
Noliprel is a combination of perindopril and indapamide. The first is an inhibitor of enzymes, the effect of which is to increase cardiac output and reduce pressure in the left and right heart ventricles. The second one is similar in pharmacological properties to diuretics.
The antihypertensive effect of the drug lasts up to a day, and the therapeutic effect is achieved in less than a month, without causing tachycardia and withdrawal syndrome. The drug is contraindicated during pregnancy and breastfeeding.
Noliprel is taken orally once a day, preferably in the morning. The recommended dosage of the components is perindopril/indapomide in 2.5/0.625.
Folk
Traditional medicine also knows several ways to effectively reduce blood pressure:
- In a 1:1 ratio, take dry extracts of nettle and dill, add 0.5 liters of milk and boil, then leave for 15 minutes. Take when your blood pressure is high 2-3 times a day.
- Dilute 5 ml of hawthorn tincture with 200 ml of water. Drink 1/3 glass in the morning, afternoon and evening.
- Pour half a glass of black currant berries into a liter of water and boil, then leave for 15 minutes. Drink 1/2 cup 3 times a day.
And also read on our website: What do blood pressure readings of 120 over 90 indicate - what does it mean, is it normal, reasons and what to do?
Treatment of hypertension allows for both drug treatment and folk remedies, but a combination of both remains the ideal approach.
Diagnostics
Under the supervision of a cardiologist and a group of specialized specialists (endocrinologist and others as necessary).
Examination scheme:
- Oral questioning of the patient, listening to his complaints, collecting anamnestic data. Plays a primary role in early detection of the problem.
- Measurement of blood pressure and heart rate. Universal routine technique. Suitable for stating the fact of the presence of a deviation.
- Daily monitoring. The main method in diagnostics. Necessary for assessing the situation over time over 24 hours. Can be carried out repeatedly.
- Electrocardiography. Detects functional disorders of the heart.
- Echocardiography. Visualization of cardiac structures and anatomical formations.
- Load tests if necessary. They can lead to dangerous consequences, including the death of the patient, so the feasibility is assessed in each specific case. In situations with older people, it is not used at all. The main way is bicycle erogmetry.
Other specialists conduct additional research as needed.
