Signs of arterial hypertension of the 3rd degree - drug treatment regimens and diet

Stage 3 hypertension is a disease characterized by a persistent increase in blood pressure and is a consequence of target organ damage. Hypertension of the third degree is severe, because complications negatively affect the patient’s quality of life. In some cases, death is likely.

• Causes
• Symptoms of stage 3 hypertension
• Diagnostics
• Treatment of stage 3 hypertension
• Nutrition for stage 3 hypertension
• Sample menu for stage 3 hypertension
• Prevention
• Forecast
• Disability due to hypertension 3rd degree

Causes

Causes of grade 3 hypertension include insufficient therapy. If you get an inexperienced doctor and develop a poor treatment regimen, the symptoms may worsen. If the patient himself does not comply with the doctor’s instructions, this can also threaten the worsening of hypertension. Also, the development of the disease is influenced by pathologies that develop in parallel with an increase in blood pressure.

Risk No. 3 with second-degree hypertension exists if the patient is expected to have a 20-30% chance of developing complications from the cardiovascular system. This risk is observed in patients diagnosed with diabetes mellitus. If you have impaired filtration of fluids by the kidneys, as well as atherosclerotic plaques, you are also at risk. In this condition, a person is diagnosed with stable angina pectoris. It determines the 3rd degree of risk, including young patients. A complete cure today is incredible; it is possible to slow down the disease and prevent complications.

Prognosis for arterial hypertension

Treatment of vasorenal arterial hypertension and the prognosis for this disease depend on the patient’s compliance with the recommendations of the attending physician and the adequacy of the prescribed therapy. The prognosis for hypertension can be quite favorable. However, for this it is important to identify the problem in a timely manner and develop treatment tactics.

The prognosis for women, as medical practice shows, is more favorable than for men. The course of the disease is influenced by the following factors: the rate of development of the disease, the stability of pressure and the presence of diseases of other organs and systems. Modern standards of treatment for arterial hypertension make it possible to achieve success in more than 85% of cases.

Symptoms of stage 3 hypertension

Symptoms include not only manifestations of hypertension, but also signs of target organ pathology. The pathological process concerns mainly the brain. Ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes are possible. Blood vessels are affected, as are the structures of the central nervous system. Kidney function is also impaired, which further aggravates hypertension and the severity of the disease increases.

On the part of the heart, myocardial infarction and hemodynamic instability may develop. Vision also suffers. Some patients experience damage to the vessels of the retina. Arteries can dilate, forming aneurysms. In some cases, encephalopathy develops and hematomas form inside the skull or inside the brain.

How is diagnosis carried out?

To make a diagnosis of stage 3 hypertension with a risk of developing cardiovascular complications 4, one or two pressure measurements are not enough. Doctors will definitely refer the patient for an ultrasound examination of internal organs, echocardiography and vascular Dopplerography.

Instrumental diagnostic techniques will allow you to assess the degree of damage to internal organs and choose the appropriate treatment tactics.

As a supplement, an ECG, laboratory tests of blood and urine, radiography, as well as consultation with an ophthalmologist, endocrinologist, pulmonologist and surgeon are prescribed.

Diagnostics

Interviewing the patient himself is important for diagnosis. Main complaints:

• nausea
• headache
• sensation of vascular pulsation
• persistent dizziness
• increased heart rate
• swelling
• muscle weakness

Systematic and technically correct blood pressure measurement is important. Over the course of 2 weeks, measurements should be taken by a doctor 2 times to obtain dynamic data. Blood pressure measurements are the physical diagnosis of stage 3 hypertension. It allows you to assess the condition of peripheral vessels for the presence of edema. This technique makes it possible to listen to the lungs and heart, perform percussion of the vascular bundle and determine the configuration of the heart.

In each specific case, the doctor may prescribe studies of the heart and kidneys, because their pathologies are closely related to grade 3 increased blood pressure. Most often they resort to ultrasound diagnostics, which shows the condition of the kidneys, liver, pancreas and endocrine glands.

Arterial hypertension: answers to your questions

— Is it possible to define arterial hypertension?

- Currently, no. In practice, blood pressure (BP) exceeds 139/89 mmHg. Art. for six hours a day is an absolute basis for the diagnosis of “arterial hypertension.” However, I note that over 40 percent of heart attacks and strokes occur in people with lower blood pressure levels. In addition, the variability of numbers, that is, fluctuations in blood pressure during the day, is of extreme importance. Not lowering blood pressure at night is sometimes more important than absolute numbers. On the other hand, can a condition that is characteristic of 20% of people under the age of 40 and increasing blood pressure figures by 10% every decade until the age of 60-70 be considered a disease? After 70 years, the number of hypertensive patients begins to decline; people with an ideal blood pressure level of 110/70 mm Hg live to be 100 years old. Art. In the 21st century, arterial hypertension is not considered a characteristic of aging. In the overwhelming majority of healthy “normotonic” people, blood pressure increases slightly until the age of 50. Then the lower, diastolic pressure begins to decrease slightly, and the upper, systolic pressure, can gradually increase. An increase in each of these indicators, or a difference between diastolic and systolic (pulse) pressure, or a change in two or three indicators at the same time is considered hypertension.

— Is arterial hypertension an asymptomatic disease?

- Yes. In a significant number of hypertensive patients, an increase in blood pressure does not cause a change in well-being. Headache is more often the fate of hypotensive patients. Clinical signs of arterial hypertension, unfortunately, are a manifestation of complications: crisis, damage to the blood vessels of the kidneys, brain, heart.

— How high is the prevalence of high blood pressure in families?

—High blood pressure is very common in some families, and many people have first-degree relatives with hypertension. However, in such cases, the cause of arterial hypertension is not always a family predisposition. Only in a small number of cases is the cause of high blood pressure inherited, and scientists have identified a combination of many genes “culprit” for this. But in most cases, heredity is unlikely to be responsible for the occurrence of arterial hypertension.

— Is it necessary to control blood pressure in children?

—High blood pressure is common among adults, and measuring blood pressure in all children is not recommended. However, in families in which there are rare forms of arterial hypertension, and in families where arterial hypertension has previously been identified in children and adolescents, it makes sense to monitor the children's blood pressure. It should be noted that in girls taking oral contraceptives, blood pressure should be monitored regularly.

— What is white coat hypertension?

- This term refers to a situation when a person’s blood pressure increases during a visit to the doctor, but in everyday life the blood pressure is within the normal range. Typically, hypertension is diagnosed during a clinic visit, and then blood pressure is assessed over the next 24 hours at home (called ambulatory blood pressure monitoring). Unfortunately, white coat hypertension is a common precursor to arterial hypertension. It is important to realize that everyone's blood pressure is slightly lower when measured at home, even in patients with hypertension, and that this should be taken into account.

— Can lifestyle changes lead to lower blood pressure?

- Undoubtedly, lifestyle changes lead to lower blood pressure, for example, weight loss, reducing salt intake or alcohol intake. However, the results of applying the above methods are relatively modest. However, the combination, the sum of these changes can be very significant. Quitting smoking and increasing fruit consumption (at least 5 servings of greens, berries, fruits and vegetables per day), as well as increasing physical activity will help normalize blood pressure.

- Should I avoid exercise and stress?

— There is no exact data indicating that reducing stressful situations leads to a decrease in blood pressure. A little exercise is good for everyone, but you shouldn't do strenuous exercise without first talking to your doctor and checking your blood pressure.

— Is it possible to work if your blood pressure is high?

- In most cases, the answer is yes. In very rare cases, it is recommended to rest at home, for example, pregnant women, and sometimes even hospitalization is indicated. There are some professions where you will not be allowed to go to work until your blood pressure normalizes (for example, airline pilots). However, in most cases, arterial hypertension does not require refusal to work.

— Is it possible to get pregnant if I have high blood pressure?

— In almost all cases, the answer is yes. You may need to change your treatment regimen before you become pregnant, as some medications should not be used during pregnancy, and your doctor may advise you to see a hypertension specialist. In some cases, it is reasonable to achieve blood pressure control before pregnancy.

— Is it possible to cure arterial hypertension?

— In the vast majority of cases, hypertension cannot be cured and long-term therapy is required throughout life. The goal of treatment is to lower blood pressure and therefore reduce the risk associated with hypertension. Stopping treatment leads to a rapid increase in blood pressure.

— Are there advantages to various medications for the treatment of arterial hypertension?

— Currently, there are seven main groups of drugs for lowering blood pressure. In terms of the intensity of the long-term effect on blood pressure levels, none of them has advantages. When choosing a medicine, combination and dosage schedule, the doctor is guided by the following principles:

prevent dose-dependent side effects;

with high numbers or stability of blood pressure, the choice, as a rule, is a combination of two, three, or even more drugs rather than increasing the dose;

taking into account individual circumstances (gender, age, profession, etc.) and concomitant conditions (pregnancy, combination of arterial hypertension with diabetes mellitus, obesity, atherosclerotic vascular disease, heart failure, etc.).

— Do medications cause side effects?

— There are no medications that do not have side effects. Most modern drugs are well tolerated by patients, and only a small number of patients experience problems. Sometimes the side effects are quite severe, and in such cases a change in treatment is necessary. As with any treatment, it is important to evaluate the expected success of treatment and the risks associated with prescribing a particular drug. All medications are currently accompanied by detailed instructions, which indicate all side effects, even those that occur in extremely rare cases.

— Do herbal medicines reduce blood pressure?

— There is no evidence obtained in placebo-controlled studies indicating that herbal medicine lowers blood pressure and reduces the risk of strokes and myocardial infarction. However, antioxidants and fish oil may slightly lower blood pressure and may therefore be beneficial. However, they cannot replace a healthy diet rich in fish, fruits and vegetables.

— What is the goal of treating arterial hypertension?

— Of course, an achievable goal is to reduce the risk of developing its complications: heart weakness, atherosclerotic vascular damage. The way to achieve this is to establish effective control over blood pressure levels and achieve “target values”.

— What is the effectiveness of treatment for arterial hypertension?

— The answer is the result of a study conducted in a number of regions of Russia in recent years - the fulfillment of two conditions: the availability of medicines and the establishment of trusting contact with a doctor who guarantees adherence to treatment and changes in lifestyle, allowed 93% of people included in the project to achieve the target within a year blood pressure level.

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Treatment of stage 3 hypertension

Therapy includes several stages. The patient should lead an active lifestyle. The doctor prescribes dosed physical activity that will be tolerated normally by a particular patient. A person must adhere to a certain schedule of rest and work. The results are visible only after a long time, not immediately. Nutrition is also part of the therapy. A special diet is required. Pay attention to the amount of drinking to maintain a normal water-electrolyte balance.

Self-medication with medications is unacceptable because this is a serious illness. Drug treatment is purely individual. Cardosal and Rasilez are effective. They are effective for essential hypertension. Cardosal is given to the patient once every 24 hours, before, during or after meals. The dosage prescribed in the instructions can be increased several times on an individual basis. This can only be decided by your attending physician.

Rasilez is used for the treatment of grade 3 hypertension as monotherapy or in combination with other drugs that are classified as antihypertensive. The daily dose is 150 mg; medication intake does not depend on food intake. The results of this treatment will be visible after 14 days (on average).

Vascular diseases

Vessels permeate the entire human body, so the symptoms of their damage are very, very diverse. Many vascular diseases do not bother the patient much at first, but lead to serious complications, disability and even death. Can a person without medical education identify vascular pathology in himself? Of course, yes, if he knows their clinical manifestations, which this section will talk about.

In addition, here is the information:

• about medications and folk remedies for the treatment of blood vessels;
• about which doctor to contact if you suspect vascular problems;
• what vascular pathologies are deadly?
• what causes veins to swell;
• how to remove spider veins on the face;
• How to keep your veins and arteries healthy for life.

Nutrition for stage 3 hypertension

Products useful for hypertension include:

• curdled milk
• cottage cheese (not very fatty)
• boiled beef
• whey
• egg white
• peas
• green onions
• black currants
• lemons
• radish

Some of the above mentioned foods help remove toxins from the body. Salt should be consumed minimally; it is advisable to avoid adding salt to dishes. The body should receive up to ½ tsp of salt per day.

Products prohibited for grade 3 hypertension:

• pickles
• spices
• spicy dishes
• smoked meats

The above products increase blood pressure. It is also better to exclude caffeine (and drinks containing it) and oil-based confectionery products from your diet. Alcohol should be avoided if you have hypertension.

It is recommended to use ginger, which has medicinal properties. It is also used to prevent hypertension. Ginger can be added to tea (or to make an all-ginger tea), main dishes, baked goods and desserts. Ginger relaxes muscles (around blood vessels) and thins the blood.

It is worth giving up semi-finished products, products of unknown origin, and fatty foods. Overeating is prohibited for hypertensive patients.

Causes of arterial hypertension

Experts fail to establish the causes of arterial hypertension in 90% of cases. In 10% of cases, the disease can develop as a complication of another disease or as a result of taking medications. The risk of developing hypertension syndrome may increase due to several factors:

• hereditary predisposition;
• age and gender of the person;
• smoking;
• frequent stressful situations;
• drinking alcohol in large quantities;
• excessive consumption of salt in food;
• low mobility and obesity;
• kidney diseases;
• metabolic disorder;
• diabetes.

Sample menu for stage 3 hypertension

Day 1. In the morning we have breakfast with meat soufflé and porridge cooked in milk. You can drink tea. There is no feeling of heaviness in the gastrointestinal tract after such a breakfast, but satiety is present. After a few hours, eat 1-2 apples. Lunch: chicken broth soup and rice with chicken. For dessert you can have compote. Next meal: crackers with sugar and rosehip infusion. You can make crackers yourself. For dinner, fish with carrot garnish is suitable. Before going to bed, drink kefir or yogurt.

Day 2. Have buckwheat for breakfast and drink tea with milk. Second breakfast: carrot juice (freshly squeezed) or a decoction of dried black currants. Lunch: borscht with a decoction of wheat bran and pilaf with dried apricots. For lunch, you can give the patient a rosehip decoction as a drink. You can have fruit juice in the afternoon. No dinner (or any fermented milk product). Before going to bed, it would be a good idea to drink a rosehip decoction.

Day 3. For breakfast, a good option would be buckwheat or oatmeal mixed with chopped apple or carrot. Your favorite tea is suitable for drinking. Second breakfast: soaked dried apricots or dates. For lunch you can serve borscht, fried meat, cabbage salad, blackcurrant jelly (you can add other berries and fruits). Afternoon snack: fresh apples. For dinner they make carrot cutlets and cottage cheese soufflé; drink: tea with lemon (or jam). Before going to bed, you can drink ½ glass of rosehip decoction.

Day 4. For tomorrow, serve cottage cheese with stale bread or crackers, butter, jam/preserve and black/green tea. It is better to avoid strong brewed tea, which has a direct effect on blood pressure. On the fourth day, you can serve boiled fish, vegetable puree or stew for lunch. Fresh carrot juice is suitable as a drink (you can use carrot-apple or carrot-celery). Apples are given for afternoon snack. Buckwheat and yogurt are suitable for dinner. Half an hour before bedtime, you can drink 200-250 ml of kefir.

Day 5. For breakfast, any porridge with milk or a bun (preferably whole grain or dark flour) is suitable. Fruits are suitable for a second breakfast. For lunch on the 5th day, you can offer noodle soup and turkey meatballs. As a snack after 1.5-2.5 hours, you can eat a baked apple with the addition of a small amount of sugar or honey. On the 5th day, kefir or yogurt without additives is given as an afternoon snack. Lazy dumplings and tea with milk are prepared for dinner. In the evening, you can take a rosehip decoction.

Day 6. For breakfast, boil 1-3 chicken eggs. They eat it with stale bread (preferably dark) and milk with honey. Juice from fruits and/or berries is suitable as a second breakfast. Vegetable soup and cottage cheese soufflé are served for lunch. You can also prepare a vinaigrette or other vegetable salad seasoned with vegetable oil. Plum compote is suitable as a drink. As an afternoon snack, an excellent option would be to serve fruit jelly or fruit and berry mousse. For dinner, give boiled potatoes and lean ham in the amount of 50-70 grams.

Day 7. For your first breakfast, you can serve buckwheat with a salad based on lettuce or cabbage. Drink for breakfast: coffee/tea with milk. Second breakfast: steamed raisins and fresh vegetables. Lunch: potato soup without meat and rice pilaf. For an afternoon snack, give them soaked dried apricots or dates. For dinner, jellied fish with potato cutlets is suitable; drink: tea with milk. 30-40 minutes before bedtime, drink a glass of kefir or sourdough.

About therapy

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Treatment of any type of hypertension requires a complex effect; it is impossible to get rid of the disease with one miracle drug. We can talk about a complete cure only at the initial stage of the disease, while stage 3, especially with risk 4, involves the use of maintenance therapy as treatment, which will stop the progress of the disease.

The treatment regimen has the following components:

1. Medicines. Various drugs from pharmaceutical groups, each of which has a specific effect on the body, helping to reduce blood pressure. These are drugs from ACE inhibitors (for example, Captopril), diuretics (diuretics, most often Furosemide or Hydrochlorothiazide), medications that inhibit the production of calcium in the body (such as Verapamil), beta blockers (Antenolol and Metoprolol), as well as calcium production inhibitors antiotensin. As a last resort medicine, doctors prescribe Irbesatran. Auxiliary medications include nootropics, vascular support agents, and medications that restore potassium balance and metabolism in the brain.
2. Quitting bad habits and completely changing your lifestyle. Alcohol and smoking negatively affect not only the condition of blood vessels, but also brain activity in general. In the early stages of hypertension, giving up bad habits can lead to complete recovery without the use of medications. It is also important to add minimal physical activity, preferably outdoors, to your daily activities. For example, this could be a walk in the park at a fast pace or a swimming pool. However, the introduction of any physical activity and physical therapy requires prior approval from a doctor. At the fourth risk of third-degree hypertension, excessive physical and emotional stress is contraindicated.
3. Review of diet. It is necessary to make adjustments not only to the name of the products and their quality, but also to the method of cooking. To unload blood vessels, it is necessary to avoid fatty, smoked, too salty and spicy foods. The menu is based on fruits, vegetables, low-fat dairy products, and nuts. Meat is allowed boiled or steamed. Fish is processed in a similar way. If you are predisposed to edema, you should reduce the amount of fluid entering the body. It is important to remember that nutrition for hypertension at such an advanced stage is no longer a diet, but nutrition on an ongoing basis, along with a changed lifestyle. As a drink, it is permissible to use plain water, herbal infusions and teas; it is forbidden to drink carbonated water and coffee.

Prevention

To prevent high blood pressure, the following measures are important:

• dosed physical activity (tones the cardiovascular system)
• maintaining weight within normal limits (with obesity, the risk of diabetes and hypertension increases, among the most serious complications is coronary artery disease)
• getting rid of bad habits, including smoking and drinking alcohol (nicotine constricts blood vessels)
• proper rest after a working day and/or physical activity
• active recreation for knowledge workers
• periodic blood tests for sugar levels
• periodic blood pressure measurement
• ECG of the heart 1-3 times a year

Causes of hypertension

True hypertension, or, as it is also called, essential hypertension, occurs as a result of overstrain of the nervous system. The result of this process is a disruption of the processes of regulation and maintenance of optimal blood pressure.

Scientists have identified many factors that contribute to the occurrence of hypertension:

• excessive emotional stress;
• irregular working hours;
• lack of sleep;
• obesity;
• physical inactivity;
• diabetes;
• alcohol and tobacco abuse.

The hereditary dependence of the formation of hypertension has been proven - more than 20 genes have been identified that are responsible for the development of the pathology.

Forecast

The prognosis depends on the stage of the disease. At the onset of hypertension, the patient is not in serious danger, and the prognosis can be considered favorable. The condition worsens with severe or rapid progression of the disease. If there are sclerotic changes in the vessels, the prognosis is worse. At stage 3, the prognosis is often poor. Severe damage to blood vessels and organs occurs. The prognosis improves with strict adherence to the doctor’s recommendations and implementation of the treatment regimen. It is important to remember that it is complex treatment that matters.

Degrees and stages of hypertension

Hypertension is classified according to stages and degrees. The division into degrees is based on the level of pressure rise:

• I degree - rise in systolic pressure above 139 up to 159 mm Hg. art (diastolic fluctuates in the range of 90-99 mm Hg);
• II degree - from 160 to 170 mm Hg. Art. (diastolic oscillation interval - 100-109);
• III degree - pressure rises above 180 mm Hg. Art.

The stage of hypertension also takes into account the degree of target organ damage:

• Stage 1 (low risk) - mild hypertension, in which there is no damage to target organs;
• Stage 2 (high risk) - moderate or severe course of the disease, in which target organs are involved in the process: cardiac hypertrophy, spasm of the retinal arteries, deterioration of renal blood flow;
• Stage 3 (very high risk) - an extremely severe course, accompanied by frequent hypertensive crises and dangerous damage to target organs in the form of stroke, heart attack, and retinal hemorrhages.

Disability due to hypertension 3rd degree

Assignment of disability for hypertension of the 3rd degree is probable. If severe damage to the heart, kidneys, brain and eyes occurs, the person is considered disabled. Some of the patients are recognized as partially able to work (they can perform their duties at home).

There may be, as we have already noted, severe complications from the kidneys, heart and brain, then a second disability group is assigned, rarely - the first. Patients with hypertension should be constantly monitored at the dispensary. Periodic examinations, special rehabilitation courses and health treatments in sanatoriums can help a person feel much better. But resorts must be selected individually. If a person’s condition is either mild or severe, it is better to refuse treatment at resorts.

How does the development of hypertension affect the body?

Hypertension systematically destroys blood vessels, narrowing the lumens. But its effect on the body is not limited to this. First of all, the disease affects target organs:

Classification of arterial hypertension

• heart;
• kidneys;
• brain;
• eyes.

The disease affects the heart by dilating the left ventricle. At the same time, the elastic properties of the myocardium decrease, the walls thicken, which over time leads to the development of heart failure. The risk of heart attack increases.

The kidneys must be fully supplied with blood. If the pressure is constantly high, the blood supply deteriorates, the kidneys do not receive nutrients, and their functions are impaired. At this stage of hypertension, renal failure is often diagnosed.

The brain suffers no less. Sclerotic changes reduce the tone not only of blood vessels, but also of intervertebral arteries. The brain stops receiving the necessary dose of oxygen and nutrients. Against the background of this condition, memory, attention, and intelligence deteriorate, encephalopathy develops, blood clots form, and the likelihood of a stroke increases.

Many patients of cardiologists are faced with such a complication of hypertension as retinal damage. Vessels burst, visual acuity decreases, and a feeling of chronic fatigue appears with minimal stress on the visual organs.

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Treatment

The main goal of drug therapy for severe hypertension is to stabilize the patient’s condition, since it is no longer possible to return blood pressure to normal. In the treatment of patients with severe hypertension, drugs from the following groups are used:

1. Diuretics help get rid of excess fluid and sodium. Hydrochlorothiazide, Indapamide and Chlorthalidone give a good effect.
2. ACE inhibitors - reduce the production of a hormone that leads to vasoconstriction. Among the drugs in this group, Fosinopril, Captopril, Quinapril, Perindopril are used.
3. Alpha and beta blockers stabilize the heart. A rapid effect is noted after using Bisoprolol, Metoprolol, Carvedilol.
4. Calcium antagonists - relax blood vessels and lower blood pressure. The treatment regimen includes Amlodipine, Lacidipine, Felodipine, Nifedipine.

The doctor prescribes medications individually, taking into account concomitant diseases, age and weight of the patient.

If, after using the selected medications, the patient’s well-being worsens or the medications do not give the expected result, the treatment regimen is adjusted.

It is prohibited to use medications prescribed by someone you know with a similar diagnosis. Those remedies that helped them may be contraindicated for you.

Folk recipes

With the help of non-traditional treatment methods, you can reduce the intensity of symptoms and strengthen the body's immune forces. Various infusions and decoctions are well displayed on the condition of hypertensive patients:

• a valerian-based product dilates coronary vessels and normalizes blood circulation;
• horse chestnut thins the blood, prevents the formation of blood clots, prevents heart attacks and strokes;
• Motherwort decoction is the best sedative that helps normalize blood pressure caused by stressful situations;
• Hawthorn tincture reduces the excitability of the heart muscle, fights tachycardia and arrhythmia;
• A decoction of peony flowers relieves headaches and normalizes kidney function.

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Medicinal plants are brewed for 5 minutes. Next, the infusion is filtered and left in the refrigerator for 2 days. Take 50 mg twice a day.

Traditional medicine often gives good results, but it cannot be used as the main treatment for hypertension.

Diet

Hypertension is directly related to what we eat every day. That is why proper nutrition is one of the main conditions for restoring the body with frequent increases in blood pressure.

The energy requirement for each person is individual, it depends on the size of his body and physical activity. It is important that a person does not receive more energy than he expends. Monitor the calorie content of foods and their quality. Consume natural plant foods rich in dietary fiber. Very good effect on the condition of the heart and blood vessels:

• spinach;
• Brussels sprouts;
• broccoli;
• green beans;
• pumpkin.

Among the fruits that will benefit you are citrus fruits, avocados, apple peels and peaches. Increase the amount of nuts, dried fruits, legumes, and whole grain cereals in your diet. Eliminate animal fats, salty and sweet foods. Avoid fast food, soda and processed foods. Try to break your daily food into 5-6 small portions. Don't overeat.

Physical exercise

At stage 3 hypertension, physical activity should be minimal. To strengthen the cardiovascular system, only breathing exercises are suitable. It does not require significant effort on the part of the patient, but it has a very good effect on his well-being.

Twice a day for 15 minutes in a sitting position, take a big breath and hold your breath for 10 seconds as you exhale. You may feel a little dizzy at first, but this will go away after a few sessions.

Therapeutic massage will help relieve stress on the heart muscle and improve blood flow from the brain.

By influencing certain points, you promote the dilation of blood vessels and thereby eliminate congestion. A massage is done before bedtime so that during rest the nervous system relaxes and blood pressure returns to normal. It is advisable to start from the feet, gradually moving up. Finish the massage by warming up the neck and shoulders.

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