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One of the most common causes of death on the planet is diseases of the cardiovascular system. Among them are coronary heart disease and hypertension. It is important to understand what to do during attacks of high blood pressure, how to cure the pathology, and what a pressure of 140 to 110 means.
What do the numbers 140/110 mean - normal or pathological?
Blood pressure 140 over 110 is a clear deviation from the norm. The difference between systolic and diastolic readings is about 30 units.
This clinical sign is characteristic of isolated diastolic hypertension, cardiac defects, the presence of tumor neoplasms, pathologies of the renal apparatus, adrenal glands, and thyroid gland. For this reason, it is important not to ignore high blood pressure, but to undergo diagnostics to identify the causes of the pathological condition, and then a full therapeutic course.
High blood pressure is always a reason to consult a doctor
Medicines
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There are no medications in medical practice yet that can affect individual pressure indicators, reducing only the upper or lower ones. All drugs affect both values, so the doctor must choose them based on the specific case and reasons.
In case of headache with pressure, it is recommended to take antispasmodics. If the diastolic indicator is high, then No-shpa and Papaverine are ideal.
A large number of medications are produced to treat hypertension. Each drug belongs to a specific group, each has a different effect.
As a rule, for hypertension, doctors prefer to prescribe:
- Beta blockers - Kokkor, Egilok.
- ACE inhibitors – Enapril, Perindopril.
- Diuretics – Arifon, Hypothiazide.
The doctor may also prescribe other medications. They can be used individually or in combination, the choice is individual.
Why are these blood pressure readings dangerous?
High blood pressure 140/110 is primarily dangerous because in the initial stages of the pathological process it may not manifest itself with any specific symptoms and may not even affect a person’s well-being or ability to work. As a result, treatment is delayed and the disease continues to progress.
With excessively elevated blood pressure, the load on the heart increases, the organ is permanently in a tense state, which threatens the development of cardiac diseases, heart attacks, and thrombus formation processes.
At a pressure of 140 to 110, the heart muscle quickly wears out, and the processes of blood flow, circulation and microcirculation are disrupted. The result is vascular atherosclerosis, muscular tissue structures are gradually replaced by connective structures that do not have proper elasticity and contractility. The consequences can be strokes, systemic lesions, ruptures of vascular walls, necrotic lesions of internal organs.
Therapy with a doctor
Before prescribing adequate therapy, the specialist diagnoses the patient. It includes:
- inspection and survey;
- blood pressure measurement;
- taking tests;
- electrocardiogram;
- consultations with various doctors (for example, a cardiologist or neurologist).
If necessary, additional studies may be prescribed. After receiving all the results, individual treatment will be prescribed, which depends on the severity of the condition and the severity of symptoms. Usually a regimen is prescribed that combines several drugs. For example, it is customary to combine:
- any beta blocker (Concor, Egilok and others);
- diuretic (Furosemide, Hypothiazide, etc.);
- angiotensin receptor blocker (Perindopril, etc.).
This combination will help dilate blood vessels and normalize blood pressure. Sometimes, in order to avoid the progression of hypertension and its transition to a more severe degree, medications are recommended for lifelong use.
Why does blood pressure rise?
Medical experts identify the following, the most common causes of pressure 140 to 110:
- Chronic lack of sleep;
- Genetic predisposition;
- Excess weight (every extra kilogram increases blood pressure by 2 units);
- Lack of physical activity, sedentary lifestyle;
- Frequent stressful situations, psycho-emotional shocks;
- The presence of bad habits (smoking, abuse of alcoholic and caffeinated drinks);
- Diabetes mellitus;
- Improperly balanced diet, consuming large amounts of salt;
- Sudden changes in weather and climate conditions.
An increase in blood pressure in women is often observed during pregnancy, the onset of menopause, due to global hormonal changes in the body.
The reasons for high blood pressure may vary
Arterial hypertension is also typical for older people due to changes in the vascular walls of an atherosclerotic nature, a decrease in vascular and venous tone.
In men, the main provoking factors leading to increased blood pressure are considered to be excess weight, excessive physical activity, and bad habits.
Symptoms at high levels
A pathological condition when a person’s blood pressure is 140 to 110 is accompanied by the following clinical symptoms:
- Rapid heart rate (tachycardia);
- Severe dizziness;
- Frequent urge to urinate;
- Painful sensations localized in the parietal, temporal and occipital areas of the head;
- Loss of coordination of movements, changes in gait;
- General weakness, apathy, malaise;
- Deterioration of visual function;
- Paralysis developing as a result of disruption of cerebral circulatory processes;
- Fainting conditions;
- Feeling of ringing and noise in the ears;
- Discomfortable, painful sensations localized in the chest and heart;
- Nausea and vomiting;
- Excessive sweating.
Patients often become nervous, anxious and irritable, have trouble sleeping, and complain of increased fatigue and decreased performance. This condition is not normal and therefore requires mandatory medical attention!
Excessive sweating may be one of the signs of high blood pressure
Symptoms
Each person experiences hypertension differently. Among the most common symptoms are:
- headache;
- noise in ears;
- dizziness;
- flickering of flies before the eyes;
- numbness of fingers;
- feeling of increased heartbeat;
Often a person does not feel that his blood pressure has risen, so he often finds out about the existence of hypertension in the last stages of the disease.
Relationship with heart rate
Pulse is one of those indicators that can be easily and quickly checked.
The normal heart rate in the age group from 20 to 60 years is the range of 60-80 beats per minute. After 60 years from 64 to 84 beats per minute. There is no doubt that there is a relationship between blood pressure and heart rate. An increase in heart rate often accompanies an increase in blood pressure.
However, you should not rely on the heart rate level as a sign of hypertension, because there are many diseases that disrupt this relationship. What does it mean?
With paroxysmal tachycardia, the heart rate may increase to 140-150 beats per minute, while the pressure level remains normal. On the contrary, with various heart blocks, such as sick sinus syndrome, atrioventricular block, even with high pressure, the pulse may not exceed 60-50 beats per minute.
What to do?
Value 140/110 mmHg. Art. corresponds to stage 3 hypertension. This means that you cannot do without consulting a doctor. You need to go to the clinic at your place of residence, where, if this is detected for the first time, you will undergo a complex examination to exclude secondary hypertension. It includes:
- blood and urine examinations;
- ECG;
- Echo CG;
- Ultrasound of the kidneys;
- consultations with an endocrinologist, cardiologist;
And also read on our website: What does blood pressure 60 over 40 mean, how to raise low levels and what to do at home?
Based on the results of the examination, you will be diagnosed and treated.
First aid at home
During a hypertensive crisis, when the pressure has reached 140/110 mm Hg.
do not rush to call an ambulance or a doctor at home. You can try to help yourself. To do this, first of all, calm down. It is advisable to have an emergency first aid kit on hand. There you need to put Captopril, No-shpa, papaverine, motherwort and valerian tinctures.
If you experience discomfort in the heart area due to high blood pressure, you need to take Nitroglycerin.
Any of the above drugs requires time to have a therapeutic effect. The first blood pressure measurement after taking the tablets is after 15 minutes. After 30-40 minutes, after the second and third controls, a final assessment of the effect of the medication can be given.
Pressure during pregnancy
In pregnant women, blood pressure increases due to hormonal changes and increased stress on the cardiovascular system. However, the difference between diastole and systole remains within normal limits.
The expectant mother needs to consult a doctor, especially if the pressure of 140 to 110 is accompanied by weakness, heart pain, dizziness, and rapid heartbeat.
It is especially important to monitor blood pressure readings during the last trimesters of pregnancy, since their significant increase may indicate the development of a number of other pathologies that pose a potential threat to the health of both the patient and her unborn child.
Treatment of hypertension
The International Society of Cardiology has proven that lifestyle correction reduces blood pressure by an average of 5-10 mmHg. Art. These are the following events:
- increasing daily physical activity - at least 10,000 steps per day or about 40 minutes of walking;
- reducing salt intake to 5 grams per day;
- replacing fatty meats and fish with less fatty foods;
- weight loss;
- smoking cessation
- giving up alcohol.
Medicines
In modern treatment of hypertension, several groups of drugs are used:
- slow calcium channel antagonists;
- beta blockers;
- angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors;
- angiotensin II receptor blockers or sartans;
- diuretics.
Folk recipes
There are many folk recipes that are successfully used in the fight against hypertension. In this section we will give examples of the most popular of them.
Hawthorn flower infusion
Rinse hawthorn flowers in clean water.
Pour boiling water over it and let it brew for half an hour. Take 100 grams 2 times a day before meals for 1-2 months. Then you need to take a break for 2-3 months, and the course can be repeated.
And also read on our website: What does blood pressure 170 to 120 mean, causes and symptoms, what to do and how to reduce high levels?
Herbal infusion
St. John's wort - 100 g, chamomile flowers - 100 g, immortelle inflorescences - 100 g. The mixture of herbs and flowers is poured into 500 ml of boiling water, left for 30 minutes. Take 50 ml 2 times a day 20-30 minutes before meals for 30-60 days. Break 3-4 months.
Motherwort tincture
Mix 20 drops of motherwort tincture with 100 grams of water. Take 30-40 minutes before meals 3 times a day for 2-3 months. The course can be repeated after 2 months.
Treatment of arterial hypertension
Arterial hypertension requires competent and comprehensive treatment. However, first of all, it is necessary to establish the reasons that contribute to the increase in blood pressure. For these purposes, patients are prescribed the following types of diagnostic studies:
- Electrocardiogram;
- Blood tests for hormones;
- Ultrasound examination of the renal apparatus.
Based on the results of a comprehensive medical examination, the doctor develops for the patient the most effective and safe therapeutic course in a particular clinical case.
In order to reduce blood pressure of 140/110, drug therapy alone will not be enough; lifestyle adjustments will be required.
To normalize their condition, patients should pay attention to the following recommendations from specialists:
- Give the body moderate, but regular and systematic physical activity;
- Quit cigarettes;
- Refrain from drinking alcoholic beverages;
- Exclude coffee, pastries, fatty and fried foods, pickles, and canned food from the daily menu.
The basis of the diet should be fresh vegetables and fruits, rich in vitamins, minerals, and plant fiber.
Moderate physical activity is beneficial at any age
Home treatment
In addition to drug treatment, you can use traditional medicine methods. The simplest and most accessible of them are:
- Brew tea from herbs with diuretic and sedative effects (peony, valerian root, motherwort, fireweed, oregano, sage). Drink a mug of the product per day.
- 200 ml. Mix freshly squeezed cranberry juice with the same amount of high-quality honey. Take a dessert spoon of the product three times a day.
- Grind 100 grams of pumpkin seeds, pour in 0.5 liters of good vodka, and place in the dark for 20 days. Drink a dessert spoon of tincture twice a day for 3 weeks.
- Dilute pomegranate juice with clean water without gas. Drink a glass every day.
- Grind 100 grams of garlic, add two glasses of water, leave overnight. Drink two spoons of the product per day.
- Grate the horseradish root on a fine grater, add a cup of clean water, leave for a day. Mix with the juice of one carrot and beetroot. Take before lunch and dinner.
- A completely safe method is aromatherapy. You need to pour a few drops of essential oil, such as mint, into the aroma lamp bowl, dilute it with water, light a candle under the container and place the lamp in the middle of the room. The duration of the procedure is two hours.
All of these methods can be used only after the doctor’s permission.
What medications to take if the tonometer readings are 140/110
Drug therapy for isolated arterial hypertension is complicated by the fact that there are no drugs whose action is aimed solely at lowering lower blood pressure levels. For this reason, all antihypertensive drugs should be prescribed by a doctor on an individual basis.
In most cases, doctors recommend that patients take the following medications if their blood pressure is 140/110:
- Diuretics (Arifon, Hypothiazide);
- Adrenergic receptor blockers (Egilok, Concor);
- ACE inhibitors (Lisinopril, Enalapril, Perindopril).
The dosage of antihypertensive medications and the duration of the therapeutic course are also set individually, taking into account all the features of a particular clinical case!
If blood pressure readings of 140/110 are accompanied by severe headaches, it is recommended to take a No-Shpa or Papaverine tablet.
Classification by degree
Indicators of vascular hypertonicity are classified as follows:
- normal pressure: 120-129 at 80-84 mmHg. Art.;
- normal increased: 130-139 mm Hg. Art. systolic, 85-89 mm Hg. st diastolic;
- 1st degree of arterial hypertension: slight increase in numbers - from 140/90 to 159/99 mm Hg. Art.;
- 2nd degree: moderate increase - 160/100-179/109 mm Hg. Art.;
- Grade 3: high blood pressure over 180/110 mmHg. Art.;
- isolated systolic hypertension: systolic pressure above 140 mm Hg. Art., diastolic - less than 90 mm Hg. Art.
